Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a temporary paroxysmal disorder of brain functions.

Epilepsy

Related Health Condition
Introduction
Epilepsy is a temporary paroxysmal disorder of brain functions. It is manifested in the following symptoms: paroxysmal disturbance or loss of consciousness, convulsion of limbs, abnormal behavior, and vegetative nerve functional disturbance. It is induced abnormal electrical activity in the brain. In traditional Chinese medicine, it falls into the category of "Xian Zheng" or "Dian Ji."
Etiology/Pathogenesis
Traditional Chinese medicine holds that epilepsy is the result of one of the following three conditions: 1) fright-induced kidney injuries in persons of congenital insufficient soma; 2) trauma-induced stasis in the brain; and 3) food amassment-induced spleen injury, which gives rise to turbid phlegm. Once the flow of liver-qi is obstructed, yang tends to stir up upward-moving pathogenic wind, causing the accumulated phlegm, too, to move upward, hoodwink the orifices, and trigger epilepsy. The occurrence of epilepsy is closely related to the functions of the kidney, spleen, and liver. Its pathogenetic transformation is interrelated with wind, phlegm and stasis, and the effect of antagonistic phlegm is especially important.
Primary Treatments with Chinese Medicinal Herbs
Gao et al. treated 189 cases of epilepsy with Xi Feng Ding Xian Wan I, II, and III formulas. Formula I consisted of the following single herbs: Dan Nan Xing (Arisaema), Tian Ma (Gastrodia), Ban Xia (soaked Pinellia), Di Long (Earthworm), Mu Xiang (Saussurea), Chen Pi (Citrus Peel), Tian Zhu Huang (Tabasheer), Chen Xiang (Aquilaria), Chuan Bei Mu (Chuan Fritillaria), Sheng Da Huang (Rhubarb), Meng Shi (Lapis Chloriti), Bai Fan (Alum), Er Chou (Pharbitis), Quan Xie (Scorpion), Shi Chang Pu (Grassleaved Sweetflag Rhizome), Fu Ling (Hoelen), Dan Shen (Salvia), Hai Fu Shi (Pumice), Bing Pian (Borneol), Hu Po (Amber) powder, and Sheng Jiang (Ginger juice). Both formulas II and III were modifications of formula I. Specifically, formula II was arrived at by taking away Bing Pian, Da Huang and Er Chou, adding Huang Qi (Astragalus Root), Dang Gui (Dang Gui), Zi He Che (Placenta), Lu Rong (Nornu Cervi Pantotrichum), Huang Jing (Polygonatum Root), Jiang Xiang (Dalbergia Wood), Tan Xiang (Lignum Santali), Wu Shao She (Garter Snake), and Chuan Wu (Radix Aconiti Chinensis), and formula III was arrived at by taking away Bai Fan, Bing Pian and adding Chuan Xiong (Cnidium), Ji Xue Teng (Milettia), Hong Hua (Carthamus), and Niu Xi (Achyranthes). The results: 123 cases significantly improved, 61 cases improved, and the remaining 5 cases did not respond to the treatment.(1) Another study treated 35 cases of various types of epilepsy with Xi Feng Ding Xian Wan, and reported a total effective rate of 72.2%.(2) A third study treated 120 cases of epilepsy with Xi Feng Ding Xian Wan, and followed up on them for six years. The results: 65.1% of the patients greatly improved, 32.3% improved, and the remaining 2.6% did not respond to the treatment.(3)
Other Treatments with Chinese Medicinal Herbs
Ke Xian Wang capsules were used to treat 18 cases of epilepsy. The formula consisted of Quan Xie (Scorpion), Wu Gong (Centipede), Tian Ma (Gastodia), Jiang Can (Silkworm), Ba Dou Shuang (Semen Croti Pulveratum), Tu Yuan (Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga), Shi Chang Pu (Grassleaved Sweetflag Rhizome), Shui Zhi (Leech), and Zhu Sha (Cinnabaris). For patients with premonitory symptoms, 6-8 capsules were given each time, and for patients without premonitory symptoms, 4-6 capsules were given each time. 15 days constituted one course of treatment. The results: 8 cases greatly improved, 7 improved, 2 responded to the treatment, and the remaining 1 case did not respond to the treatment, with a total effective rate of 94.44%.(4)
198 cases of epilepsy were treated with Xian Fu Kang II, a formula for removing blood stasis by promoting blood circulation. The formula consisted of Mu Xiang (Saussurea), Yu Jin (Curcuma Root), Dan Shen (Salvia), Chuan Xiong (Cnidium), Hong Hua (Carthamus), Tao Ren (Persica), Bai Fan (Alum), Zhu Sham (Cinnabaris), Zhen Zhu Fen (Pearl Powder), Di Long (Earthworm), and Bi Hu, (Gecko), etc. The formula was administered orally, 3 pills a time, twice a day, for a duration of 2 months (one course of treatment). The results: 117 cases recovered, 49 cases significantly improved, 19 cases improved, and 13 cases did not respond to the treatment.(5)
45 cases of juvenile epilepsy were treated with a modification of Xiao Chai Hu Tang. The modified formula consisted of: Chai Hu (Bupleurum), Huang Qin (Scutellaria), Ban Xia (Pinellia), Bai Shao (White Peony Root), Jiu Jie Chang Pu (Rhizoma Anemones Altaicae), Tai Zi Shen (Pseudotellaria Root), Dan Shen (Salvia), Jiang Can (Silkworm), and Gan Cao (Licorice). One month constituted one course of treatment. The results: 35 greatly improved, 7 improved, 2 responded to the treatment, and the remaining 1 case did not respond to the treatment, with a total effective rate of 93.6%.(6)
Other Treatments
Acupoint catgut embedding therapy

50 cases of epilepsy were treated with catgut embedding therapy. The following points were selected for treatment: Da Zhui (Du 14), Xin Shu (UB 15), Jiu Wei (Ren 15), and Feng Long (St 40). After needling sensation was obtained, a segment of surgical catgut was embedded in the subcutaneous tissue at the selected acupoints, and the needled points were covered with adhesive plaster afterwards. The treatment was performed once a month for 3 months. The results: 16 patients were cured, 17 greatly improved, 11 improved, and the remaining 6 did not respond to the treatment.(7)

Another study treated 100 cases of epilepsy with catgut embedding therapy. The acupoints selected for treatment were Jiu Wei (Ren 15), Nei Guan (P 6), Xin Shu (UB 15), and Da Zhui (Du 14). There was a one month interval between the first and second treatments, 2 months between second and third, and 3 months between third and the forth. 7 treatments comprised one course of treatment. After 21 months of treatment, 67 patients significantly improved, 20 improved, and the remaining 13 cases did not respond to the treatment, with a total effective rate of 87%.(8)

Combined herbal and acupoint catgut embedding therapy

Yu treated 76 cases of epilepsy by herbal and acupoint catgue embedding therapy. The treatment treated the patients with different herbal formulas based on their TCM diagnoses. In addition, the following acupoints were treated by catgut embedding therary: Zhui (Du 14), Xin Shu (UB 15), Jiu Wei (Ren 15), and Yao Qi (Extra 19). The embedding was performed twice a month, and 6 sessions constituted one course of treatment. After 6-12 months of treatment, 17 cases were resolved, 12 greatly improved, 16 improved, and the remaining 11 did not respond to the treatment, with a total effective rate of 85.5%.(9)

Acupuncture & Acupressure
30 cases of epilepsy were treated with acupuncture. The acupoints selected to receive treatment were: Cheng Jiang (Ren 24), Tan Zhong (Ren 17), Jiu Wei (Ren 15), Zhong Wan (Ren 12), Guan Yuan (Ren 4), Lie Que (L 7), and Zhao Hai (K 6). The manipulation used the reinforcing method after the initial needling sensation was obtained, and retained the needles for 30 minutes. 10 sessions comprised one course of treatment. A comparison group of 30 cases was treated with phenytoin sodium (0.1g a time, 3 times daily) and oryzanol. The results: after 2~3 courses of treatment, of the treatment group, 22 cases greatly improved, 7 cases improved, and 1 case did not respond to the treatment, with a total effective rate of 96.7; of the comparison group, the corresponding numbers were 14, 14, 2, and 93.3% (P<0.05).(10)

Another study treated 139 cases of epilepsy by applying acupuncture on acupoints Fu Ya Men (about 1.7 cm directly below the midpoint of the posterior hairline and between the 2nd and 3rd cervical spinous processes) and Yao Qi (Extra 19). Fu Ya Men was punctured deeply (about 6.7-10 cm), and the needle was withdrawn after the patient's extremities twitched or the patient cried. Yao Qi (Extra 19) was punctured perpendicularly for a depth of 1 cm, and the needle was twisted to send the needling sensation to the head. The needle was retained for 20 min. The treatment was given once a day, and 7 days constituted one course of treatment. The results: after 3 courses of treatment, 93 cases significantly improved, 37 improved, 4 responded to the treatment, and the remaining 5 cases did not respond to the treatment, with a total effective rate of 96.4%.(11)

Combined herbal and acupuncture treatment

19 cases were treated with acupuncture combined with oral administration of Ding Xian San. The acupoints treated were Bai Hui (Du 20), Feng Fu (Du 16), Feng Chi (G 20), Da Zhui (Du 14), Tao Dao (Du 13), Chang Qiang (Du 1), Jiu Wei (Ren 15), Tai Chong (Liv 3), Zhao Hai (K 6) and Shen Mai (UB 62). The herbal formula consisted of Qi Ye Yi Zhi Hua (Rhizoma Paridis), Shi Chang Pu (Rhizoma Acori Graminei), Bai Jiang Can (Thlaspi), Bi Hu (Gecko), Di Long (Earthworm), Quan Xie (Scorpion), She Tui (Snake Slough). The formula was taken 5g each time, 3 times a day. The results: all cases were drastically improved.(12)

50 cases were treated with acupuncture and the single herb Bi Ba (Fructus Piperis Longi). The acupoint Yong Quan (K 1) was needled perpendicularly and quickly for 3 min, twisting clockwise with strong stimulation if an epilepsy attack is in progress and slight stimulation if the epilepsy is in remission. The needles were retained for 30 min. The procedure was repeated once daily, and 14 days comprised one course of treatment. In addition, the single herb Bi Ba (in powder) was administered 5 grams a time, twice a day, for a duration of 30 days. The results: 25 patients greatly improved, 24 improved, and 1 did not respond to the treatment, with a total effective rate of 98%.(13)

References
  1. Gao Yong Han, et al. Treating 198 cases of epilepsy with Xi Feng Ding Xian Wan. Hebei Journal of TCM. 1991;13(4):42-44.
  2. Jin Gui Zhen, et al. Anti-convulsive effects of Xi Feng Ding Xian Wan. China Bulletin of Pharmacology. 1989;6(1):32-34.
  3. Gao Yong Han, et al. 120 cases of epilepsy treated with Xi Feng Ding Xian Wan. Journal of Beijing Medical College. 1991;14(4):17-18.
  4. Yu Li Hua, et al. Treating 18 cases of epilepsy with Ke Xian Wang capsules. National Journal of Medicine Forum. 2000;15(1):37.
  5. Duan Gong Qi. 198 cases of epilepsy treated by promoting blood circulaton to remove blood stasis. Hubei Journal of TCM. 1998;20(2):34-35.
  6. Yang Li Zhen, et al. Treating 45 cases of epilepsy with a modification of Xiao Chai Hu Tang. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Herbs. 1999;27(2):40-41.
  7. Ren Gui Hua. Treating 50 cases of epilepsy with catgut embedding therapy. Shanghai Journal of Acupuncture. 1998;17(3):46.
  8. Yan Wan Kui. Treating 100 cases of epilepsy with catgut embedding therapy. China Journal of Acupuncture. 1998;18(6):377.
  9. Yu Dong Ge. Treating 76 cases of epilepsy with Chinese herbs combined with catgut embedding therapy. Henan Journal of TCM. 1999;19(6):43.
  10. Yu De Shou, et al. Treating 30 cases of epilepsy with acupuncture. Jiangsu Journal of TCM. 1999;20(11):37.
  11. Wang Tian Cai. 139 cases of epilepsy treated with acupunture on Fu Ya Men and Yao Qi acupoints. China Journal of Acupuncture. 1999;19(9):543-544.
  12. Xing Gui Sheng, et al. Treating 19 cases of epilepsy with combination of acupuncture and herbs. Journal of Acupuncture Clinical Application. 1999;15(3):13-14.
  13. Zhan Cheng Biao. Treating 30 cases of epilepsy with acupuncture and Chinese herbs. China Journal of Acupuncture. 1998;18(7):422.
This information is educational in context and is not to be used to diagnose, treat or cure any disease. Please consult your licensed health care practitioner before using this or any medical information.
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