Lian Zi - Chinese HerbsSemen Nelumbinis, Lotus Seed
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©2000-2008 ADCCG, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
| Dosage |
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Oral: Decoction 6 to 15g, or made into pills or powder.
5:1 concentrated extracts: 1.25 to 3g.
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| Toxicity |
Neferine, when administered to mice intravenously, the LD50 was 26±2.3mg/kg.( 1) |
| Chemical Composition |
Linoleum acid;
Oleic acid;
Palmitic acid;
Linolenic acid;
Myristic acid;
Liensinine;
Isoliensinine;
Lotusine;
Nuciferine;
Pronuciferine;
Neferine;
Rutin;
Hyperin;
Galugeolin;
b-sitosterol;
b-sitosterol -n-octane acid ester;
b-sitosterol palmitic acid ester;
b-sitosterol-3-O- b-glucoside (V).( 2),( 3),( 4),( 5),( 6),( 7) |
| Inorganic Chemicals |
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It also contains trace elements such as Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Cd.
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| Precautions |
It should be contraindicated for patients with abdominal distension and constipation. One case reported that there was a diarrhea recurrence induced by the seed.( 8) |
| Pharmacology |
Lian Zi, at the dosage of 1%, can prolong the life of fruit flies by an average of 34.9%. The longest lifespan of male fruit flies was lengthened by 56.8 %. Furthermore, it caused a 53% decrease in lipofuscin levels in male fruit flies 40 days after administration.( 9) Wister rats were fed with fodder containing different dosages of Lian Zi. After one month, the quantity of T-lymphocytes in thymic cortex in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, which suggested that Lian Zi had certain effects in enhancing immunity.( 10) Neferine (a chemical component of Lian Zi) can inhibit the contraction of isolated normal and inflamed gallbladders caused by K+, with the inhibitory concentration of 50% of 120 mmol/L and 5 mmol/L respectively, which showed that the substance had strong inhibiting effects on inflammation in the gallbladder.( 11) Lian Zi Xin (Plumaula Nelumbinis) can inhibit rabbit aorta ring contraction that was caused by PE, 5-HT, Histamine, and high K+. It can also inhibit the smooth muscle of the urethra in rabbits induced by PE.( 12) Neferine, given via the stomach, can inhibit rat thrombus formation and the inhibiting rate on ADP, collagen and thrombase induced platelet aggregation and the rates were 55.8, 43.45, and 65.33, respectively. The substance can effectively inhibit platelet TXA2 release induced by ADP.( 13) Neferine, when given intravenously at 5mg/kg, can antagonize rabbit arrhythmia caused by adrenalin and increase the rabbit's ventricular fibrillation threshold value by electricity. It has antagonizing effects on arrhythmia in rats induced by aconitine, arrhythmia in guinea pigs caused by ouabain, and rat arrhythmia induced by the binding of the coronary artery. It can prevent the arrhythmia induced by electrical stimulation on thalamus.( 14) Liensinine (a chemical component of Lian Zi) at 3mg can transiently inhibit the hemodynamic indexes in rats and also can dose dependently inhibit the contractility of left atrium and frequency of right atrium.( 15) Liensinine, in the dose range of 3 to 30mmol/L, can decrease the arterial pressure of single guinea pig cardiac muscle cells, prolonging the time-course of AP. Liensinine, in 10 and 30 mmol/L can decrease I Na and I Ca-L showing that it has blocking effects on sodium and L-type calcium channels, which could explain the mechanism of its antiarrhythmic effects partly.( 16) |
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References
This information is educational in context and is not to be used to diagnose, treat or cure any disease. Please consult your licensed health care practitioner before using this or any medical information.
©2000-2008 ADCCG, Inc. All Rights Reserved.