1) Anti-convulsive effect: Taurine has inhibitory effect on convulsion that is caused by the following factors: cardiazol, ouabin, bicuculline, cocculin, carbon monoxide, aluminum oxide, 4-aminopyridine, penicillin, high-pressure oxygen, hypoxia, calciprivia, audiogenic convulsion, L-kynurenine, and other factors.( 3) 2) Analgesic effect: Experiments show that administered to mice, taurine, an active component of cow bezoar, has an analgesic effect.( 4) 3) Sedative effect: Various types of artificially cultured cow bezoar in Inner Mongolian are shown to inhibit the spontaneous activity of mice and prolong the duration of pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice.( 5) 4) Antipyretic effect: Artificially cultured or synthesized cowbezoar has an antipyretic effect on fever reaction of rats caused by 2, 4-dinitrophenol-induced fever in rats, and can lower normal rats' body temperature.( 6) Cow bezoar and its active components cholic acid and bilirubin have a cordial effect on the isolated heart of frogs, guinea pigs, and rabbits.( 7) Experiments on rabbits show that cow bezoar can dilate blood vessels, and that use of cow bezoar for extended periods of time can prevent rapid progress of heart failure in experimental congestive heart failure caused by aortic insufficiency, and thereby prolonging the subjects' lifespan. In vitro experiments show that taurine can inhibit platelet aggregation, and that it can counteract myocardial ischemia induced by injection of isoproterenol and prevent many kinds of experimental arrhythmia. Taurine has an effect of reducing blood pressure in rats with spontaneous hypertension or rats with hypertension caused by desoxycorticosterone acetate. It can decrease cholesterolemia, increase high-density lipid protein, and prevent atherosclerosis.( 8) Fed to rats at 100mg/kg, cow bezoar can relax the sphincter muscle of the biliary tract and promote bile excretion. Administered to mice, taurine has a protective effect on liver damages caused by carbon tetrachloride and can inhibit subsequent rise of ALT.( 9) Experiments show that taurine can increase both the amplitude and frequency of contraction in isolated rabbit uterus. Intravenous injection of taurine can strengthen uterine contraction in rabbits under anesthesia, and this effect lasts about 30 minutes.( 10) Various kinds of artificially-cultured cow bezoar have an inhibitory effect on dimethylbenzene-induced ear inflammation and capillary permeability increase in mice, and formaldehyde-induced edema in rat paws.( 11) Fed to rabbits, cow bezoar rabbits can increase the number of red blood cells in the subjects' peripheral blood. Cow bezoar can accelerate the recovery of anemia caused by bloodletting in rabbits. However, excessive dosage can decrease the numbers of the red blood cell and hemoglobin.( 12) Phenolsulfonphthalein excretion tests on mice and tracheal aspiration tests on rats and dogs show that artificial cow bezoar can expel phlegm. Experiments show that cholic acid and deoxycholic acid, two active components can relieve cough.( 13) Injected into the brain of rats, taurine can increase the secretion of prolactin and stimulate the subjects' pineal body to produce melanin. Taurine can antagonize the release of luteinizing hormone caused by N-methyl aspartic acid but has no effect on the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone.( 14) Cow bezoar can directly inactivate A 2 virus of encephalitis B. Its inhibition index is 4.0logTCID 50/0.1ml viruses inoculated to renal cells in voles and 2.67logTCID 50/0.1ml in mice. Daily intra-abdominal injection of 0.1ml of 10% taurine solution 0.1ml to mice with myocarditis can prolong the subjects' survival time.( 15),( 16) The inhibitory rates of artificial cow bezoar on sarcoma S 37 and S 180 in mice are 54.3%-72.5% and 60%, respectively. Intra-abdominal injection of a non-dialytic substance extracted from bovine bile has an inhibitory effect on sarcoma W 256 in rats -- appropriate amount of the substance can cause widespread and serious necrosis of tumor cells.( 17) Administered either by endogastric infusion, intra-muscular injection or intraperitoneal injection, artificial cow bezoar can enhance the phagocytic function of mice's abdominal macrophages.( 18) 1) Inhibiting lipid peroxidation: Cultured cow bezoar has an inhibitory effect on the generation of LPO in rats' liver homogenate.( 19) 2) Effect of removing free radicals of oxygen: Cultured cow bezoar has a strong effect of removing free radicals. Its 50% removal concentration is 0.03mg/ml.( 20) 3) Effect of free OH radicals: Cultured cow bezoar can remove free OH radicals. Its 50% removal concentration is 0.02mg/ml.( 21) |