One of the first questions that is probably asked by someone unfamiliar with New York theater is the difference between Broadway and Off-Broadway venues. As determined by theater contracts, Off-Broadway venues hold between 100 and 499 seats, while Broadway theaters hold 500 seats and more, providing greater seating for big theatrical events. However, much as the name Off-Broadway may indicate that theaters are not on Broadway, this is incorrect. Off-Broadway theaters can be on any street in New York; the name only refers to the seating size and budget level.
Off-Broadway theaters and companies typically have smaller budgets, lower publicity, and a higher level of experimentation than Broadway theaters. Based on this, Off-Broadway companies often do unconventional promotions or rely on promotional work by actors and playwrights in cafes, book shops, and other stores throughout New York. Off-Broadway productions are almost entirely nonprofit, which means that they are not beholden to financiers who may censor material. However, the downside of nonprofit status is that productions need to be successful enough to maintain financial viability in the Off-Broadway environment.
While visitors and theatergoers often hear about Off-Broadway productions, there is another layer of the Broadway scene that is lesser known. Friends and colleagues who want to be in charge of editorial content and running their own performances often put off-Off-Broadway theaters and companies together. The Off-Off-Broadway scene popped up during the 1960s as Off-Broadway productions began to resemble the commercial aspects of Broadway.
From new actors through professional performers, Off-Off-Broadway is a place of great experimentation and high energy. Off-Off-Broadway venues can range from small theaters to coffee shops with a stage, with all Off-Off-Broadway theaters holding less than 100 seats. While few people may know about Off-Off-Broadway performances, they are recognized annually by the New York Innovative Theatre Awards. These awards recognize artistic excellence in these small venues.