Sheng Jiang Meadville PA

Decoction: 3-10g.

1. LD50 (mice/herb oil): 1.23ml/kg (abdominal injection), 3.45ml/kg (gastric perfusion).(1)
2. LD50 (mice/shogaol): 50.9mg/kg (IV injection), 109mg/kg (abdominal injection), 687mg/kg (gastric perfusion); LD50 (mice/gingerol): 25.5mg/kg (IV injection), 581mg/kg (abdominal injection), 250mg/kg (gastric perfusion).(2)

(-zingiberene; Camphene; (-ocimene; (-bergamotene; (-farnesene; Myrcene; (-ninene; (-curcumene; (-phellandrene; (-farnesene; (-bisabolene; (-santatol; Zingiberol; Perillaldehyde; Neral; 6-geranial; 2-caraneol; 3-caraneol; 2-borneol; Citral; 7-menthene; Isofenchyl alcohol; Galanolactone; 3-gingerol; 4-giginerol; 5-gingerol; 6-gingerol; 8-gingerol; 10-gingerol; 12-gingerol; 6-gingediol; 4-gingediol; 8-gingediol; 10-gingediol; 6-methyl gingediol; 4-gingedi acetate; 6-gingedi acetate; 6-methyl gingediacetate; 6-gingerdione; 10-gingerdione; 6-dehyddrogingerdione; 10-dehyddrogingerdione; 6-acetylgingerol; 6-shogaol; 6-furanogermenone; 2-pipecolic acid; Glutamic acid; Aspartic acid; Serine; 1, 3, 3-trimethyl tricyclo [2.2.2]ociane; 1-(1, 5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl benzene.(3)

Contraindications: yin deficiency with interior heat, and excessive heat syndromes.

Over-dosage can cause nosebleed.(4) Consumption of fresh ginger may cause acute onset of appendicitis.(5)

Administered to mice by gastric perfusion, 0.25-0.4ml/kg of Sheng Jiang oil can significantly inhibit histamine- or acetic acid-induced capillary permeability increase. It can also significantly inhibit dimethylbenzene-induced auricular inflammation in mice and egg white-induced toe swelling in rats. Furthermore, it can significantly inhibit granulation tissue proliferation, and decrease the weight of the thymus gland and increase that of the adrenaline gland rats.(6)

Sheng Jiang oil has a therapeutic effect on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. It can significantly lower the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) level. It can prevent carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice, and decrease sulfobromophthalein sodium (BSP) retention. To a limited degree, it also protects damaged liver cells of rats and mice.(7) Duodenum administration of acetone-based extract (500mg/kg), 6-gingerol (100mg/kg), or 8-ginerol (100mg/kg) of Sheng Jiang has a significant cholagogic effect on rats.(8)

Administered to mice, Sheng Jiang oil can significantly inhibit the subjects' spontaneous activity, lengthen their pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep time, and counteract cardiazal-induced convulsion and pain. Administered to rats, it can counteract yeast-induced increase in temperature.(9)

Sheng Jiang can significantly eliminate the superoxide anions generated by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system and the hydroxide free radicals produced by ultra-violate radiation on H2O2.(10) Concentrated solution of Sheng Jiang can significantly enhance the activity of the superoxide dismutase in mice's liver, and decrease the level of lipid peroxide (LPO).(11) Sheng Jiang can effectively protect the activity of peroxide hydrogenase and Ca2+-ATPase, significantly decrease the level of lactic acid, and increase the peroxidase hydrogenase- and Ca2+-ATPase-to-lactic acid ratios.(12)

Administered to guinea pigs by gastric perfusion (0.2ml/kg), Sheng Jiang oil has a protective effect on allergic bronchi convulsion. It also has a dose-dependent effect of counteracting histamine- or acetelcholine-induced ileum contraction.(13)

Alcohol-based extract of Sheng Jiang can decrease the viscosity of fibrinogen in rats, and inhibit adenosine diphosphate or ethanol-induced platelet aggregation.(14)

Sheng Jiang can counteract pathogen and aging,(15) stop vomiting,(16) and inhibit thrombus formation.(17)